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endnotes

1 Cixous, Hélène (1998) 'Without end, no, State of drawingness, no, rather: The Executioner's taking off' in Stigmata: Escaping Texts, London: Routledge.
2 Cixous, Hélène (1998) 'Without end...', 21.
3 Blyth, Ian and Susan Sellers. (2004). Hélène Cixous: live theory, New York: London: Continuum, 92.
4 Released in the same year as The Matrix: Reloaded, the second of the Matrix trilogy, The Animatrix was released direct to video/DVD (after a brief cinema release). The nine animations have seven different directors, mostly from the Japanese animation industry. The animation, Beyond, is directed by Koji Morimoto.
5 Blythe and Sellers, (2004), 25.
6 The tune is the Japanese folksong, Tohryanse, which contains a metaphor not dissimilar to that of the Matrix. This is the concept of the chosen one, such as Neo and Yoko, who, have the potential to discover the 'real world.'
7 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 21.
8 Steintrager, James A. (2004) Cruel Delight: Enlightenment Culture and the Inhuman, Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 37.
9 Cixous, Hélène (1998) 'Shared at Dawn' in Stigmata: Escaping Texts, London: Routledge, 179.
10 Quoted in Blythe and Sellers. (2004), 64.
11 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 28.
12 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 21.
13 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 29.
14 The ubiquitous tin can reappears at the end of the film when it is kicked by the clean-up agents, when it cuts Yoko's finger and she bleeds and in the end when it is claimed by gravity. The tin projects back to the viewer evidence of everydayness even in the marginal world of the haunted house.
15 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...'. 29.
16 Cousins, Mark (1992-3). 'The First House'. Arch-Text, vol. 1 (winter) 37. Thanks to Rachel Carley for bringing this to my attention.
17 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...'. 22.
18 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...'.
19 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Stigmata, or Job the dog' in Stigmata: Escaping Texts, London: Routledge, 190.
20 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Stigmata, or Job the dog', 190.
21 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Stigmata, or Job the dog', 190.
22 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 28.
23 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 26.
24 Cixous quoted in Bray, Abigail (2004). Hélène Cixous: Writing and Sexual Difference. Hampshire & N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, 144.
25 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 27.
26 Cixous, Hélène and Mirelle Calle-Gruber, (1997). Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing, London and N.Y.: Routledge, 151.
27 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Writing Blind: Conversations with the Donkey', (trans) Eric Prenowitz, in Stigmata: Escaping Texts, London: Routledge, 142.
28 Cixous, Hélène (1998). 'Without end...', 24.
29 Bray, Abigail (2004). 144.
30 Cixous, Hélène and Mirelle Calle-Gruber (1997). 16.


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Did You Know?

'The Surrender of Breda', a famous classical painting by Spanish painter, Diego Velázquez, appears at a critical juncture of 'Reloaded'. The painting shows the general of the surrendering city giving the keys to the city to the conquering Spanish general during the Spanish-Dutch war in the 17th century. And when does it appear? The painting appears only briefly while the Keymaker is running away from the Twins along a very long corridor with doors, followed by Morpheus and Trinity...in the building where the keymaker is kept and before he gives his own key to Neo to enter the Source, of course.
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